Benchmark Dose Assessment for Coke Oven Emissions-Induced Mitochondrial DNA Copy Number Damage Effects / 生物医学与环境科学（英文）

OBJECTIVE@#The study aimed to estimate the benchmark dose (BMD) of coke oven emissions (COEs) exposure based on mitochondrial damage with the mitochondrial DNA copy number (mtDNAcn) as a biomarker.@*METHODS@#A total of 782 subjects were recruited, including 238 controls and 544 exposed workers. The mtDNAcn of peripheral leukocytes was detected through the real-time fluorescence-based quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Three BMD approaches were used to calculate the BMD of COEs exposure based on the mitochondrial damage and its 95% confidence lower limit (BMDL).@*RESULTS@#The mtDNAcn of the exposure group was lower than that of the control group (0.60 ± 0.29 vs. 1.03 ± 0.31; P < 0.001). A dose-response relationship was shown between the mtDNAcn damage and COEs. Using the Benchmark Dose Software, the occupational exposure limits (OELs) for COEs exposure in males was 0.00190 mg/m 3. The OELs for COEs exposure using the BBMD were 0.00170 mg/m 3 for the total population, 0.00158 mg/m 3 for males, and 0.00174 mg/m 3 for females. In possible risk obtained from animal studies (PROAST), the OELs of the total population, males, and females were 0.00184, 0.00178, and 0.00192 mg/m 3, respectively.@*CONCLUSION@#Based on our conservative estimate, the BMDL of mitochondrial damage caused by COEs is 0.002 mg/m 3. This value will provide a benchmark for determining possible OELs.

Application of assistive technology in the treatment of cataract with corneal opacification / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

@#AIM: To evaluate the postoperative visual effects of assisted techniques such as cystic membrane stainin, iris hooking, and iris incision to treat cataract patients with corneal opacities, and analyze the safety and effectiveness of the surgery.<p>METHODS: A retrospective collection of 105 cases(105 eyes)of cataract patients with corneal opacities who underwent cataract phacoemulsification combined with intraocular lens implantation at the Army Eye Center of Xinjiang Military Region General Hospital from January 2014 to March 2019. All patients received cataract phacoemulsification removal and intraocular lens implantation. Apply the trypan blue capsule staining agent during the operation and observe the anterior capsule staining, the success rate of continuous annular capsulorhexis, the rupture of the posterior lens capsule and the implantation of the intraocular lens capsule. Patients were followed up at 1d, 1wk, 1 and 3mo after surgery. Observe the success rate of capsulorhexis during operation, the best corrected visual acuity(BCVA, LogMAR)before and after surgery, and postoperative complications.<p>RESULTS: All patients underwent phacoemulsification with intraocular lens implantation. During the operation, all continuous ring-shaped capsulorhexis were successfully completed through the application of trypan blue capsule staining(trypan blue)dye, and other measures including application of iris hook and irisotomy were taken. A foldable intraocular lens was implanted in 105 eyes. After 3mo of follow-up observation, the BCVA of the operation eye was 0.82±0.10 compared with the preoperative BCVA 3.12±0.14,and there were statistical differences(<i>t</i>=174.893, <i>P</i><0.01).<p>CONCLUSION: Cataract phacoemulsification can safely and effectively improve the vision of patients with cataract and corneal opacity. The application of assistive technologies such as capsule staining, iris hooking, and iris resection can effectively reduce the risk of cataract surgery in patients with cataract and corneal opacity, improve the safety of surgery, and increase the success rate of surgery.

Clinical study Carbomer eye gel and rhEGF in treating dry eye after cataract surgery in diabetics / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

To investigate the effect of Carbomer eye gel and recombinant human epidermal growth factor (rhEGF) on dry eye after cataract surgery in diabetics. ●METHODS: A total of 160 patients ( 160 eyes ) with diabetes undergone phacoemulsification with a diagnosis of dry eyes were randomized divided into two groups, treatment group (80 cases, 80 eyes) and control group (80 cases, 80 eyes). ln treatment group, the patients were treated by Carbomer eye gel and rhEGF. ln control group, the patients were treated by Carbomer eye gel. The subjective dry eye symptoms, tear break - up time (BUT), Schirmer l test ( S Ⅰ t) and cornea fluorescein staining ( FL) were observed before treatment, 1, 4wk after treatment. ●RESULTS: There was no significant difference between groups before treatment (P> 0. 05). After treatment at 1, 4wk, the subjective dry eye symptoms and the results of three examination ( BUT, S Ⅰ t and FL) in two groups better than those before treatment ( P ●CONCLUSlON: Carbomer eye gel can relieve the dry eye symptoms of diabetes after phacoemulsification effectively, and it can be more effective to combine Carbomer eye gel with rhEGF at early stage after phacoemulsification.

Comparison of the different formulas in intraocular lens power calculations on high myopia after LASlK with cataract patients / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

AlM: To compare the different formulas in intraocular lens(lOL) power calculations on high myopia after LASlK with cataract patients who received the phacoemulsification and intraocular lens implantation ( Phaco+lOL) . METHODS:This was a retrospective study. Data from 102 eyes of 61 cataract patients with high myopia, who received Phaco+lOL after LASlK, were collected. Patients were divided into three groups by formulas in lOL power calculations before surgery: Holladay group ( 11 cases, 21 eyes), Haigis-L group (30 cases, 47 eyes) and SRK-T group (20 cases, 34 eyes). The ratios of equivalent lOL power after LASlK were predicted and the accuracy of their predictions were compared 3mo after surgery. lt was an index of reliability of the formulas outcomes. RESULTS:The ratios of equivalent lOL power after LASlK using the Holladay, Haigis-L and SRK-T formulas were 0. 86 ± 0. 41D, 0. 43 ± 0. 30D and 1. 27 ± 0. 58D, respectively . There was no significant difference between Holladay group and SRK-T group ( t=-0. 271, P=0. 625>0. 05 ). However, significant difference was found between Haigis-L group and Holladay group ( t=2. 249, P=0.047 CONCLUSlON:The Haigis-L formula is more accurate than the SRK-T and Holladay formulas in predicting lOL power for cataract patients with high myopia after LASlK.

Multiple correspondence analysis on multiple metabolic abnormalities and family history in adults / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective To investigate the relationship between phenomenon of aggregation on multiple metabolic abnormalities and their family history.Methods A random cluster sampling was carried out to study the phenomenon of multiple metabolic abnormalities among the adult inhabitants in a county of Henan province.Questionnaire,physical examination and biochemical tests were admitted.Multiple correspondence analyses were used to explore the aggregation of multiple metabolic abnormalities among objects including hyperlipidemia,diabetes,coronary heart disease etc.Corresponding relationships between objects and their parents on multiple metabolic abnormalities were also analyzed.Results In total,3901 people were investigated including 1428 (36.6％) males and 2473 (63.4％) females.The mean age of them was 32.8 ± 6.3.Data showed that the Cronbach' s α were 0.547 and 0.387 while Eigen values were 1.971 and 1.535 in two dimensions,regarding the correspondence analysis on their parents' multiple metabolic abnormalities.Cronbach' s α levels were 0.598 and 0.457 together with Eigen values as 2.263 and 1.743 in two dimensions on the correspondence analysis of the objects' and their parents' multiple metabolic abnormalities.Results from Multiple correspondence analysis diagrams showed that there was an aggregation of varietymetabolic abnormalities in both objects and their parents but not between objects and their parents or between fathers and mothers,though x2 test showed a weak correlation between some of the categories.The ranges of contingency coefficients between metabolic abnormalities were 0.04 to 0.11,0.04 to 0.08 and 0.04 to 0.11 between parents,objects and fathers,objects and mothers,respectively.When compared with simple obesity,the central obesity aggregated appeared more obviously with other metabolic abnormalities.Conclusion Both objects and their parents showed an aggregation of variety metabolic abnormalities.Aggregation of central obesity showed more obvious on other metabolic abnormalities than the simple obesity.Family histories of metabolic abnormalities played a moderate role in the generations suffering from multiple metabolic abnormalities.

Multilevel regression analysis on region duster and risk factors of hypertension in the Chinese adult population / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective To analyze the region cluster and risk factors of hypertension in the Chinese adult population and to explore the application of multilevel regression model in the risk factors of hypertension. Methods Multi-stage random sampling technique was used to choose 15 540 individuals aged 35-74 years from 10 regions in China. Two-level logistic regression models were fitted under MLwiN 2.02 software. Results The region cluster of hypertension existed and variance portion coefficient was 3.1%. After adjusting for the age and gender, overall obese people (BMI≥28 kg/m2) were 4.50(95%CI: 4.00-5.06) times, overweight people (BMI=24-27.9 kg/m2) were 2.26 (95%CI: 2.07-2.46) times more likely to be hypertensive as compared with those of normal BMI (18.5-23.9 kg/m2), and those centrally obesive people (Waist circumference≥85 cm in male or 80 cm in female) were 2.62 (95%CI: 2.42-2.83) times more likely to be hypertensive as compared with those of normal WC. The age-and gender-adjusted odds ratios (Ors) of triglyceride (TG), serum total cholesterol (TC), glucose, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) , high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and drinking alcohol were 2.10 (95% CI: 1.89-2.33) , 2.08 (95% CI: 1.84-2.35) , 1.85 (95% CI: 1.60-2.14) , 1.58 (95% CI: 1.38-1.81), 1.49(95%CI: 1.32-1.69) and 1.15(95%CI: 1.05-1.27), respectively. Conclusion The prevalence of hypertension was not only affected by individual risk factors, such as obesity, drinking alcohol, abnormal glucose and serum lipids profile, but also affected by the geographic environment where people resided in. Population-and risk factors targeted strategies, proved a promising way to reduce individual risk of hypertension in the primary prevention of hypertension.

Studies on the chemical constituents of the essential oil of Artemisia dracunculus / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To analyse the chemical constituents of Artemisia dracunculus.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The essential oil from A. dracunculus was extracted by steam distillation and the chemical constituents were analysed by capillary GC-MS method. The relative content of each component was calculated by area normalization.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>36 peaks were separated and all of them were identified. The main chemical components were 3,7-dimethyl-1,3,7-octatriene (38.43%), 1S-alpha-pinene (36.96%), 1-methoxy-4-(2-Propenyl)-benzene (8.57%), limonene (6.33%), 1R-alpha-pinene (3.40%), etc.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The study provided solid and scientific proof for the further exploitation and utilization of A. dracunculus.</p>